Living with a disability introduces unique challenges, but it doesn't diminish the potential for a fulfilling and meaningful life. In this blog, we explore the concepts of quality of life, inclusion in the community and subjective wellbeing for people with disabilities. We'll delve into strategies, both personal and communal, to promote a life well-lived and we discuss how carers and families can support their loved ones in a way that fosters independence.

3 Pillars to understanding; Quality of Life, Inclusion and Subjective Wellbeing

Understanding Quality of Life

Quality of life is a complex and personal idea that goes beyond just being free of illness. For people with disabilities, quality of life includes;

• physical and mental health

• emotional well-being

• social connection

• overall happiness

It's about creating an environment that promotes independence, participation, and personal growth.

The World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health provides a comprehensive framework. It acknowledges that disability is not solely a medical issue but is also influenced by personal and environmental factors. Thus, improving quality of life involves addressing societal attitudes, accessibility, and individual resilience.

Inclusion in the Community

Inclusion is not just about physical accessibility, it involves creating an environment where everyone feels valued and engaged. For individuals with disabilities, inclusion means breaking down both physical and attitudinal barriers to create a society where people of all abilities can actively participate.

According to research, the social model of disability is vital as it shifts the focus from an individual's impairments to the societal barriers that impede full participation. Inclusive communities;

• celebrate diversity, disability and social difference

• recognise the strengths and contributions of every member

It's not the responsibility of individuals with disabilities alone to adapt to society, but instead, society must actively work towards dismantling discriminatory practices and promoting equal opportunities by providing;

• accessible infrastructure

• inclusive education opportunities

• workplace accommodations

Subjective Wellbeing in the Disability Community

Subjective wellbeing, often called happiness or life satisfaction, is crucial to leading a fulfilling life with a disability. Keyes (1998) introduced the concept of flourishing, which goes beyond the absence of mental illness and encompasses positive emotions, engagement, and a sense of purpose.

In the context of disability, subjective wellbeing is influenced by several factors, including;

• self-acceptance

• feeling good and doing well

• social support

• ability to participate in meaningful activities

When their unique needs and preferences are acknowledged and accommodated, individuals with disabilities can experience high levels of life satisfaction.

Promoting subjective wellbeing requires recognising and addressing mental health concerns within the disability community.

Accessible mental health services, peer support networks, and promoting a positive self-image all contribute to a holistic approach to wellbeing (Keyes, 1998).

What can Carers do to support inclusion?

Supporting Independence: A Role for Carers and Families

Carers and families play a crucial role in supporting individuals with disabilities on their journey towards independence. The key is to strike a balance between providing necessary assistance and empowering individuals to take control of their lives. Here are some ideas to consider.

1. Encourage Self-Advocacy

   Carers can empower their loved ones by encouraging them to advocate for their needs. This involves helping them develop communication skills to express preferences, articulate challenges, and actively participate in decision-making processes.

2. Facilitate Skill Development

   Supporting independence means fostering the acquisition of skills that promote self-sufficiency. This may include daily living skills, communication skills, and utilizing assistive technologies. Carers can collaborate with individuals with disabilities to identify areas for skill development and provide guidance.

3. Promote Social Connections

   Facilitating social connections is essential for emotional wellbeing. Families can actively engage in creating opportunities for social interactions, whether through community events, support groups, or online platforms. Social connections not only combat isolation but also contribute to a sense of belonging.

4. Emphasize Inclusive Education

   If applicable, carers can advocate for inclusive education that integrates individuals with disabilities into mainstream educational settings. Inclusive education not only provides academic benefits but also fosters social inclusion and understanding among peers.

5. Encourage Goal Setting

   Empower individuals with disabilities by setting and working towards personal goals. These goals can range from educational and vocational aspirations to personal hobbies and social activities. Celebrating achievements, no matter how small, reinforces a sense of accomplishment.

What can organisations do to support inclusion?

Strategies for Promoting Living Well with Disability

1. Accessible Infrastructure

   Communities can invest in making public spaces, transportation, and buildings more accessible. This not only benefits individuals with disabilities but creates an inclusive environment for everyone (World Health Organization, 2001).

2. Inclusive Education

   Educational institutions play a crucial role in shaping attitudes and fostering inclusion. Implementing inclusive education practices ensures that students with disabilities have equal access to learning opportunities (Shakespeare & Watson, 2001).

3. Employment Opportunities

   Creating a workforce that embraces diversity involves providing reasonable accommodations, promoting inclusive hiring practices, and recognizing the unique skills individuals with disabilities bring to the table.

4. Social Support Networks

   Building strong social connections is vital for wellbeing. Community organizations, support groups, and online platforms can facilitate connections and provide a sense of belonging (Keyes, 1998).

5. Promoting Awareness and Advocacy

   Increasing awareness about the challenges faced by individuals with disabilities helps dispel stereotypes and fosters understanding. Advocacy efforts at both the individual and community levels are instrumental in driving positive change.

Living well with a disability involves addressing not only the physical aspects but also the social and attitudinal barriers that hinder full participation. Quality of life, inclusion in the community, subjective wellbeing, and the promotion of independence are interconnected elements that, when nurtured, contribute to a life rich in purpose and fulfilment for individuals with disabilities.

By promoting accessibility, fostering inclusivity, and embracing diversity, we can collectively create a society where everyone has the opportunity to thrive.

Stay Safe and Well

Kim

References:

Keyes, C. L. (1998). Social well-being. Social Psychology Quarterly, 61(2), 121–140.

Morris, J., & Hardman, M. L. (2017). Promoting independent living for people with disabilities: The role of personal assistance services. Journal of Disability Policy Studies, 28(2), 122–129.

Schalock, R. L., & Verdugo, M. A. (2002). Handbook on quality of life for human service practitioners. American Association on Mental Retardation.

Shakespeare, T., & Watson, N. (2001). The social model of disability: An outdated ideology? Research in Social Science and Disability, 2, 9–28.

United Nations. (2006). Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. New York, NY: United Nations.

World Health Organization. (2001). International classification of functioning, disability, and health: ICF. Geneva: World Health Organization.